LoRA / QLoRA • Fine-tune vs. RAG • On your GPUs

Fine-tuning, only when the evidence says so.

Most teams that ask for a fine-tuned model don't need one — better retrieval or a sharper prompt gets there for a fraction of the cost. We start every engagement by testing that assumption against your data, and only move to training when the evidence says so.

What we deliver

  • A written recommendation: fine-tune, RAG, or prompt-only — with the evidence behind it
  • Dataset curation and labeling support, built from what you already have
  • LoRA/QLoRA training on our GPUs or yours, with checkpoints you keep
  • An evaluation harness that benchmarks the tuned model against the untuned baseline

Fine-tune, or something cheaper?

The honest diagnostic we run before recommending anything — most engagements resolve in the first column.

Fine-tuning is likely worth it when

  • You need a consistent output format, tone, or structure that prompting can't hold reliably at scale
  • The task is narrow and repetitive — classification, extraction, or a fixed workflow — with hundreds of labeled examples
  • You want a smaller, cheaper model to match a larger one's accuracy on one specific job
  • Your domain vocabulary or house style is dense enough that a general model keeps drifting from it

Retrieval or prompting wins when

  • The knowledge changes often — a fine-tuned model goes stale the day your documents update; RAG doesn't
  • You need answers grounded in specific, citable sources rather than a model's learned generalization
  • You don't yet have enough labeled examples to train on — under a few hundred is usually too thin
  • The task is broad or one-off, where a better prompt or a bigger base model gets you most of the way there

How the engagement runs

1. Baseline & diagnostic

We run your real tasks through the base model first and measure where it actually falls short — the diagnostic that tells us whether fine-tuning is even the right tool.

2. Dataset curation

We turn what you have — transcripts, tickets, documents, past outputs — into a clean, deduplicated training set, and flag the gaps before they become wasted training runs.

3. LoRA/QLoRA training

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning on an open-weight base model, run on our hardware or yours, with checkpoints and training logs you own.

4. Evaluation & handover

The tuned model is benchmarked against the baseline on your own eval set, not a generic leaderboard, then deployed with monitoring and a documented retraining path.

Engagement tiers

Each tier stands on its own — stop after the Feasibility Sprint if that's what the evidence says.

Tier Scope Duration Investment
Feasibility Sprint Baseline evals on your data, a written fine-tune / RAG / prompt-only recommendation, and the dataset gap list 2 weeks from $1,500
Pilot Model Dataset curation, LoRA/QLoRA training, an eval harness, and a benchmark against the un-tuned baseline 4–6 weeks from $6,000
Production Rollout Deployment on your hardware, monitoring, a retraining loop, and team handover 8–12 weeks from $15,000

Prices are starting points; final scope is confirmed after the Feasibility Sprint.

Common questions

How do I know if I need fine-tuning or just RAG?

If the honest answer is unclear, that's what the Feasibility Sprint is for. Rule of thumb: RAG wins when the knowledge changes often or answers need to cite a specific source; fine-tuning wins when you need a narrow, repeatable task done in a consistent format. Most requests that start as "we need a fine-tuned model" turn out to be retrieval problems — we'd rather tell you that in week one than in month three.

How much data do we need?

For LoRA/QLoRA on a narrow task, a few hundred well-labeled examples is often enough to see a real lift. Under that, the training run tends to memorize noise rather than learn the pattern — the Feasibility Sprint tells you where you stand before you commit to the Pilot.

Do you train on our data, or send it to a third party?

Training runs on our GPUs or yours, on open-weight base models — your data and the resulting weights never go to a third-party fine-tuning API. That matters most for teams already running RAG on-prem for the same reason.

What happens to the model after training?

You keep the checkpoints. Production Rollout includes deployment on your own hardware with monitoring and a documented retraining path, so refreshing the model as your data changes doesn't require calling us back for every update.

Can we start with the Feasibility Sprint and stop there?

Yes — and for a meaningful share of engagements, that is the right outcome. If the evidence says RAG or a better prompt solves it, you leave with that recommendation and the dataset gap list, not a sales pitch for the next tier.

Proven in regulated industries

The same diagnostic-first approach we use across compliance-heavy fields — see how it lands in yours.

Not sure which tier fits?

Book a 30-minute discovery call. We'll run the fine-tune-vs-RAG diagnostic on your actual workflow before recommending anything.